Henan Cancer Hospital, located in Zhengzhou, the capital of the Henan province, was built in 1977. The hospital opened to patients in 1984. Now it has 2,997 beds and 2,800 staff, among which 657 possess a doctoral or master’s degree. In 2014, the hospital accepted more than 390,000 outpatients, and nearly 100,000 patients are treated and over 21,000 operations are performed. Thirty different cancer research institutions are located inside the hospital, including the Henan Tumor Research Institute, Henan Cancer Prevention and Treatment Office, Henan Anti-Cancer Association, Henan Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Quality Control Center, Henan Tumor Radiotherapy Center, and the Henan Esophageal Cancer Treatment Center.

The hospital has numerous divisions, including 28 clinical medical technology departments. Among the divisions, 4 are national level key disciplines and 6 are provincial level key medical disciplines (in cultivating). These disciplines have reached a domestic advanced level in important aspects, including surgical treatment of esophageal cancer, accurate tumor radiotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for treatment of leukemia, and early breast cancer immediate postoperative breast reconstruction.

The hospital actively engages in teaching and research. Currently, 61 faculty supervise master and doctoral students, including a total of 190 postgraduates (59 doctoral candidates), 7 master stations and 3 clinical professions that are available for doctoral candidates. The hospital has also been selected as the research and development base for post-doctors in the Henan Province. Since 2009, the hospital has obtained more than 314 grants for cancer research.

The hospital adheres to the principle of "prevention comes first". The central government continues to strengthen efforts focused on cancer prevention and control. An early detection and treatment project has been conducted in Linzhou and another eight counties or cities. Integrated control of cancer in the Huaihe River Basin was conducted in four counties, including Shenqiu, Dancheng, Xiping and Luosan. Cancer incidence registration and death registration have been conducted in nineteen counties or cities. The surveillance system of cancer and vital statistics covers a population of over 14 million.

In recent years, the hospital has continued to expand its foreign exchanges and collaborations and has established a friendly cooperative relationship with medical research institutions in countries like the United States, Japan, Australia, and Norway. This cooperation helps to accelerate the cultivation of highly qualified personnel and promotion of the hospital's scientific and technological innovations and professional skills.

The hospital is equipped with a large number of highly advanced diagnostic equipment such as PET-CT, intensity modulated irradiation systems, and Siemens CT-Vision image guided radiation therapy equipment. After a new outpatient medical technology building, with a construction area of over 50,000 square meters, was open and functioning, a new inpatient building, with a construction area of 120,000 square meters, was also opened to provide patients with comfortable hospitalization conditions.